【台語世界／錄音】媒體用詞ê亂象

文、錄音／張智峯 Tiuⁿ, Tì Hong

Khah-chá bat聽人講，「秀才免出門，能知天下事。」Che是因為有電視新聞kap報紙，chit-má koh有網路，資訊ê來源koh-khah多元。M̄-koh媒體ê用詞kám lóng正確？Lán sī-m̄-sī無形中接收chi̍t-kóa錯誤ê用詞？Tī chia舉kóa例，hō͘ ta̍k-ê參考。

發生火燒án-ne不幸ê事件，水龍車kap消防人員kóaⁿ-kín beh去「phah-hóe」，希望kā災禍降kah siōng kē。M̄-koh媒體lóng報導「救火」，是beh kā火救hō͘ khah旺–ê？是ài用「phah-hóe」，a̍h-sī「救火」，ta̍k-ê ē-tàng思考khòaⁿ-māi。

Bat看過中國歷史戲劇ê人lóng chai-iáⁿ，公主ê ang-sài hō-chò「駙馬」，chhin-chhiūⁿ新科狀元，經過皇帝賜婚，hō͘公主招做「駙馬」，駙馬是屬於皇家ê成員。M̄-koh現代ê日本m̄-sī án-ne，根據「皇室典範 (Koshitsu tenpan)」第12條規定，皇族女子nā hām天皇或者皇族以外ê人建立婚姻關係，tō無保留皇族ê身分。公主nā hām一般ê百姓結婚，i tō m̄-sī公主à。M̄-koh台灣ê媒體報導「日本bó͘-mih公主ê駙馬爺」，tō m̄-sī公主à，tó-ūi來ê「駙馬爺」？Koh-chài講，「駙馬爺」是封建王朝ê名詞，tī民主時代thâu-khak koh té封建思想，kám-bē khah怪奇？Che是國際新聞，m̄-sī娛樂新聞，用詞tō ài謹慎。建議ē-tàng用「前bó͘-mih公主ê ang-sài」，m̄-thang koh用「駙馬爺」chit-ê詞teh教pháiⁿ gín-á tōa-sè。

Tī朝鮮半島ê歷史上，kâng 1 ê時期建立kúi-lo̍h-ê國家是chiâⁿ平常ê tāi-chì。Hiān-chú-sî朝鮮半島有2 ê國家，pak-pêng–ê hō-chò「朝鮮民主主義人民共和國」，lâm-pêng–ê hō-chò「大韓民國」，日本ê媒體報導「北朝鮮」kap「韓國」。M̄-koh台灣ê媒體稱呼「北韓」kap「南韓」。有韓國ê朋友kā我講，i對lán ê媒體報導i ê國家hō-chò「南韓」chiâⁿ無hoaⁿ-hí，我mā chiâⁿ無奈。像日本án-ne，稱呼「北朝鮮」kap「韓國」kám-ū hiah-nī困難？Lán ē-tàng思考khòaⁿ-māi。

媒體teh報導露西亞總統，我看過ê有「普丁」、「普廷」、「蒲亭」等名稱，chiok想beh問，露西亞到底有kúi-ê總統？用kâng-khoán ê用詞kám-ū hiah-nī困難？Che hō͘想起kó͘-chá讀過ê文言文，魏文帝曹丕ê文章《典論／論文》，「文人相輕，自古而然…」，tha̍k-chheh-lâng lóng認為ka-tī siōng有學問，別人lóng ham-bān，kám-ē是chit-ê原因chiah造成翻譯ê名詞無統一。寫台語文ê時，我ē用英語「Putin」，tō無chit-khoán問題。報台語新聞ê時，記者lóng kā「Russia」chit-ê國家照華語kā唸做「俄羅斯」，chin-chiàⁿ m̄-chai teh 唸siáⁿ。日本時代ê文獻kā「Russia」記錄做漢字「露西亞」，日本話讀做「Roshia」。Pêⁿ-pêⁿ是外語，tō是有人koh陷tī漢字ê迷失，翻譯ê名詞無beh照英語或者原文，照華語來翻譯，hō͘人sa-lóng-bô。

Ē-kì-tit tī 1984年，台灣重新參加tī Los Angeles舉辦ê O͘-lín-pik-khuh運動會，統計獎牌ê時，媒體kā中國稱呼做「大陸選手」。自hit-chūn起，「大陸」soah變做中國ê代名詞。Chit-chūn 台派ê媒體ē稱呼「中國」，其他ê媒體tō稱呼「大陸」，m̄-chai in講ê「大陸」是美洲大陸a̍h-sī非洲大陸？Nā khah-bô意識ê人有可能hō͘媒體牽leh kiâⁿ，kā「中國」稱呼做「大陸」。我想che tō ài靠教育來宣傳。

網路有人teh phì-siùⁿ「Sè-hàn m̄ phah-piàⁿ，tōa-hàn做記者」！Che對大多數認真phah-piàⁿ ê記者chiâⁿ無公平，期待記者ke用心去khe-khó，提供觀眾kap讀者正確ê用詞。

台灣字（白話字）版
Mûi-thé iōng-sû ê loān-siōng

Khah-chá bat thiaⁿ láng kóng, “Siù-châi bián chhut-mn̂g, lêng ti thian-hā sū.” Che sī in-ūi ū tiān-sī sin-bûn kap pò-chóa, chit-má koh ū bāng-lō͘, chu-sìn ê lâi-goân koh-khah to-goân. M̄-koh mûi-thé ê iōng-sû kám lóng chèng-khak? Lán sī-m̄-sī bô-hêng-tiong chiap-siu chi̍t-kóa chhò-ngō͘ ê iōng-sû? Tī chia kí kóa lē, hō͘ ta̍k-ê chham-khó.

Hoat-seng hóe-sio án-ne put-hēng ê sū-kiāⁿ, chúi-lêng-chhia kap siau-hông jîn-goân kóaⁿ-kín beh khì “phah-hóe”, hi-bāng kā chai-ē kàng kah siōng kē. M̄-koh mûi-thé lóng pò-tō “kiù-hóe”, sī beh kā hóe kiù hō͘ khah ōng–ê? Sī ài iōng “phah-hóe”, a̍h-sī “kiù-hóe”, ta̍k-ê ē-tàng su-khó khòaⁿ-māi.

Bat khòaⁿ-kòe Tiong-kok le̍k-sú hì-kio̍k ê lâng lóng chai-iáⁿ, kong-chú ê ang-sài hō-chò “hū-má”, chhin-chhiūⁿ sin kho chiōng-goân, keng-kòe hông-tè sù-hun, hō͘ kong-chú chio chò “hū-má”, hū-má sī sio̍k-î hông-ka ê sêng-goân. M̄-koh hiān-tāi ê Ji̍t-pún m̄-sī án-ne. Kin-kù “Hông-sek tián-hoān (Koshitsu tenpan)” tē 12 tiâu kui-tēng, hông-cho̍k lú-chú nā hām thian-hông he̍k-chiá hông-cho̍k í-gōa ê lâng kiàn-li̍p hun-in koan-hē, tō bô pó-liû hông-cho̍k ê sin-hūn. Kong-chú nā hām it-poaⁿ ê peh-sèⁿ kiat-hun, i tō m̄-sī kong-chú à. M̄-koh Tâi-oân ê mûi-thé pò-tō “Ji̍t-pún bó͘-mih kong-chú ê hū-má-iâ”; tō m̄-sī kong-chú à, tó-ūi lâi ê “hū-má-iâ”? Koh-chài kóng, “hū-má-iâ” sī hong-kiàn ông-tiâu ê miâ-sû, tī bîn-chú sî-tāi thâu-khak koh té hong-kiàn su-sióng, kám-bē khah koài-kî? Che sī kok-chè sin-bûn, m̄-sī gô͘-lo̍k sin-bûn, iōng-sû tō ài kín-sīn. Kiàn-gī ē-tàng iōng “chêng bó͘-mih kong-chú ê ang-sài”, m̄-thang koh iōng “hū-má-iâ” chit-ê sû teh kà pháiⁿ gín-á tōa-sè.

Tī Tiâu-sián pòaⁿ-tó ê le̍k-sú siōng, kâng 1 ê sî-kî kiàn-li̍p kúi-lo̍h-ê kok-ka sī chiâⁿ pêng-siông ê tāi-chì. Hiān-chú-sî Tiâu-sián pòaⁿ-tó ū 2 ê kok-ka: pak-pêng–ê hō-chò “Tiâu-sián Bîn-chú Chú-gī Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok”, lâm-pêng–ê hō-chò “Tāi-hân Bîn-kok”. Ji̍t-pún ê mûi-thé pò-tō “Pak-tiâu-sián” kap ”Hân-kok”. M̄-koh Tâi-oân ê mûi-thé chheng-ho͘ “Pak-Hân” kap “Lâm-Hân”. Ū Hân-kok ê pêng-iú kā góa kóng, i tùi lán ê mûi-thé pò-tō i ê kok-ka hō-chò “Lâm-Hân” chiâⁿ bô hoaⁿ-hí, góa mā chiâⁿ bô-nāi. Chhiūⁿ Ji̍t-pún án-ne, chheng-ho͘ “Pak-tiâu-sián” kap “Hân-kok” kám-ū hiah-nī khùn-lân? Lán ē-tàng su-khó khòaⁿ-māi.

Mûi-thé teh pò-tō Lō͘-se-a chóng-thóng, góa khòaⁿ-kòe–ê ū “Phó͘-teng”, “Phó͘-têng”, “Pô͘-têng” téng miâ-chheng. Chiok siūⁿ beh mn̄g, Lō͘-se-a tàu-té ū kúi-ê chóng-thóng? Iōng kâng-khoán ê iōng-sû kám-ū hiah-nī khùn-lân? Che hō͘ siūⁿ-khí kó͘-chá tha̍k–kòe-ê bûn-giân-bûn, Ūi-bûn-tè Chô Phi ê bûn-chiuⁿ “Tián-lūn/Lūn-bûn”, “Bûn-jîn siōng khin, chū kó͘ jî jiân…” Tha̍k-chheh-lâng lóng jīn-ûi ka-tī siōng ū ha̍k-būn, pa̍t-lâng lóng ham-bān, kám-ē sī chit-ê goan-in chiah chō-sêng hoan-e̍k ê miâ-sû bô thóng-it? Siá Tâi-gí-bûn ê sî, góa ē iōng Eng-gí “Putin”, tō bô chit-khoán būn-tê. Pò Tâi-gí sin-bûn ê sî, kì-chiá lóng kā “Russia” chit-ê kok-ka chiàu Hôa-gí kā liām-chò “Ngô͘-lô-su”, chin-chiàⁿ m̄-chai teh liām siáⁿ. Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê bûn-hiàn kā “Russia” kì-lo̍k chò Hàn-jī “Lō͘-se-a (露西亞)”, Ji̍t-pún-ōe tha̍k-chò “Roshia”. Pêⁿ-pêⁿ sī gōa-gí, tō sī ū lâng koh hām tī Hàn-jī ê bê-sit, hoan-e̍k ê miâ-sû bô beh chiàu Eng-gí he̍k-chiá goân-bûn, chiàu Hôa-gí lâi hoan-e̍k, hō͘ lâng sa-lóng-bô.

Ē-kì-tit tī 1984 nî, Tâi-oân tiông-sin chham-ka tī Los Angeles kí-pān ê O͘-lín-pik-khuh ūn-tōng-hōe, thóng-kè chióng-pâi ê sî, mûi-thé kā Tiong-kok chheng-ho͘ chò “Tāi-lio̍k soán-chhiú”. Chū hit-chūn khí, “Tāi-lio̍k” soah piàn-chò Tiong-kok ê tāi-bêng-sû. Chit-chūn Tâi-phài ê mûi-thé ē chheng-ho͘ “Tiong-kok”, kî-tha ê mûi-thé tō chheng-ho͘ “Tāi-lio̍k”. M̄-chai in kóng ê “Tāi-lio̍k” sī Bí-chiu tāi-lio̍k a̍h-sī Hui-chiu tāi-lio̍k? Nā khah-bô ì-sek ê lâng ū khó-lêng hō͘ mûi-thé khan leh kiâⁿ, kā “Tiong-kok” chheng-ho͘ chò “Tāi-lio̍k. Góa siūⁿ che tō ài khò kàu-io̍k lâi soan-thoân.

Bāng-lō͘ ū lâng teh phì-siùⁿ “Sè-hàn m̄ phah-piàⁿ, tōa-hàn chò kì-chiá.” Che tùi tāi-to-sò͘ jīn-chin phah-piàⁿ ê kì-chiá chiâⁿ bô kong-pêⁿ. Kî-thāi kì-chiá ke iōng-sim khì khe-khó, thê-kiong koan-chiòng kap to̍k-chiá chèng-khak ê iōng-sû.

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